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Some nasty prepositional clauses are misused or overused, e.g. through, by, with, from, depending on … ‘by' may imply a causal relationship where in fact there was none. However, few people are aware of their proper use so the errors remain uncorrected even with the passage of time. Don’t worry, I will give you examples of their proper and improper uses below. The thing to do is either (a) get rid of them and use “to + verb” (as we did with ‘through’ in the last class), or (b) use them properly.
Fixing these problems will allow you to catch yourself when you notice you have written something like the following:
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pursued: to physically chase something
to seek after: to strive to achieve something.
However, we do pursue policies, which means to enact/carry them out.
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have vs. be
e.g. the following are equivalents, somehow, but sometimes the other is preferred. Just something to look out for.
| He has tallness | He is tall |
| it has a great width | It is very wide |
Similarly, in writing often were == have been
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The English phrase meanwhile perhaps does not mean what you think it does, if you believe that it means the equivalent of the Korean 그동안 or ~하는 내내. As an example, consider the following:
Meanwhile is used when event b (the later occuring event) occurs during the occurrence of event a which starts before b does and ends after b does. For example, it is correct to say
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sometimes, the strong causal implication implied by to should be eliminated and replaced by and when the causal relation is absent